Tomorrow
we are going to experiment with open peer review practices in class. However, before
we learn how authors, reviewers, and editors feel in the process of peer
review, we need to clarify the terminology.
Peer review
has been established as basis for decisions about publication in journals,
awarding of grants, and academic promotion. Besides the growing use of
scientometric methods to quantify scientific performance and impact, peer
review is still trusted as foundation to assess the quality of scientific work.
Peer-reviewed papers or grant proposals are not essentially right in the sense
of a universal truth, but they are accepted because meeting the standards of
science. They are trusted and could become part of what is regarded
conventionally as body of scientific knowledge.